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During the blast furnace process limestone (CaCO 3) flux is added, to collect the waste products produced: silica (SiO 2), phosphorus pentoxide (P 2 O 5), calcium sulfide (CaS), magnesia (MgO) and alumina (Al 2 O 3).This forms blast furnace (BF) slag, which floats on top of the surface of the hot metal (Peters, 1982).The blast furnace is …
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This study utilized alkali-activated ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBS) and wet-basis CCR stabilized RM to prepare geopolymers material. The alkali activator solution was composed of CCR supernatant, sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and sodium silicate (Na 2 SiO 3). CCR supernatant was used to reduce the amount of strong …
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This paper attempts to address this problem by chemical stabilization of lithomargic clay using Calcium chloride (CaCl2) and an industrial by-product obtained from the iron industry, i.e., granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS). Disposing of huge quantities of GBFS poses a severe impact on the environment.
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Low-calcium (FA) and high-calcium (HCFA) fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) are the most widely known, standardized and used SCMs in the composition of cement and concrete. In the last 4 years, scientific work has focused on improving binder properties (e.g. long setting time, low early strength etc.) containing …
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Calcium extraction efficiency (η Ca) from the slag calculated with Eq. (1), where X Ca-slag is calcium mass fraction in the slag and C Ca is concentration of calcium, obtained the ICP analysis (g/L) in the filtrated solution after the extraction. m slag is slag mass and V is volume of solvent. Efficiency of carbonation (η CaCO 3) is ...
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Calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) solids were prepared from hydrated lime and iron blast furnace slag in an aqueous agitated slurry at 92 °C. While it was hoped a minimal …
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On the other hand, the number of calcium extraction stage using used NH 4 NO 3 or NH 4 Cl (Ca≥4 g/l in solution) at liquid-to-slag ratios of 10/1 (slurry line slope = 0.1) is determined in the same way as in the first case described above using the mass balance diagrams and is equal to 2 for all solution and liquid-to-slag ratio of 10/1 ...
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With the aim of utilizing blast furnace slag in the iron and steel industry at low cost, pollution free, refinement, and high value added, an entirely subversive technical route was presented, which was a novel synergistic utilization of slag to produce zeolite and hydrotalcite-like compounds. The object of this study is to obtain the optimal operating …
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Blast furnace slag is a calcium-silicate-based product removed from the top of molten iron during its extraction from ore in a blast furnace. Usually, it is …
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Low-calcium (FA) and high-calcium (HCFA) fly ash and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) are the most widely known, standardized and used SCMs in the composition of cement and concrete.
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The fresh and rheological properties of alkali mortars activated by blast furnace slag (BFS) were investigated. Consistency tests, squeeze flow, dropping ball, mass density in the har dened state ...
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1. Introduction. Alkali-activated materials (AAMs) are a class of materials obtained by the chemical reaction of a powdered aluminosilicate precursor (most commonly blast furnace slag and/or fly ash) with an alkaline activator (usually a solution of sodium hydroxide and/or sodium silicate) at ambient or elevated temperature [1, 2].Due to the …
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Figure 23.3.1 23.3. 1: A Blast Furnace for Converting Iron Oxides to Iron Metal. (a) The furnace is charged with alternating layers of iron ore (largely Fe2O3) and a mixture of coke (C) and limestone …
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The use of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) is environmentally sustainable and prevalent in the cement industry, but the original alkali-activated slag binder cannot be used for mine ...
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The suitability of applying a carbonation route based on acetic acid leaching to produce carbonates from blast furnace slag is presented in this study. The effect of solution pH, temperature, and ...
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The optimal solvent for. calcium extraction was 2 M HCl, which induced the extraction of 97% of Ca; 46% of Mg; 35% of Al; and 1% of Si from the steel slag. In order to separate …
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In the EAF and on the ladle, the slag is a liquid solution of the oxides. Slag temperatures on tapping can be as high as 1,600 °C (2,912 °F). After a heat is tapped, the slag is either poured into a slag pot and …
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20) Waste slag materials with high concentrations of CaO and SiO 2, such as blast furnace slag 21, 22) and converter slag, 23) have the potential to be utilized as raw materials for CO 2 ...
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Slag containing a high percentage of free calcium in oxide form can form carbonates more readily than slag which has its calcium present in silicate compounds. Generally, however, the calcium content of BOF-S makes it an ideal candidate for …
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E. Crossin, The greenhouse gas implications of using ground granulated blast furnace slag as a cement substitute, Journal of Cleaner Production, 95 (2015) 101â€"108. [29] D. M. Sadek, Effect of cooling technique of blast furnace slag on the thermal behavior of solid cement bricks, Journal of Cleaner Production, 79 (2014) 134â€"141 ...
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with Ca þþ into solution to produce new hydrated calcium. silicates. XRDs at Miller indices (hk0) of C-S-H seem to increase. ... Utilizing the activator in a powder form enabled to obtain ready ...
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The ground-granulated blast furnace was referred to as a non-metallic product that includes silica, alumina, calcium oxide, and different bases developed in liquefied form at the same time with ...
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The mechanism of the leaching reaction. From the leaching ratio curves of the four size fractions in Fig. 1, the initial leaching ratio of calcium was much lower, and the final leaching ratio was ...
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The calcium dissolution of LF slag with ammonium solutions was poor. Further carbonation experiments were carried out, and the solution with LF slag and ammonium salt resulted in rhombohedral CaCO 3. It achieved a precipitate purity of 99.8 % with calcium conversion from solution to precipitate at 50–70 %.
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Leaching of EAFSS was carried out by mixing the slag with NaOH and KOH solutions with concentrations of 5, 7 and 10 M, in S/L ratios of 0.05, 0.1 and 0.3 g/ml for 120 min. The dissolution process was carried out in a 500 ml glass reactor and the slurry was agitated by a magnetic stirrer with a constant.
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CaO-based calcium looping materials have received great interest for their use in thermochemical CO 2 capture and energy storage, as well as CO 2-related energy conversion processes.In this paper, the development of robust CaO-based CO 2 sorbents using waste blast furnace slag (BFS) as a sustainable and environmentally benign …
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The present study investigates the hydration of calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement blended with blast-furnace slag (BFS). BFS was added at dosages of 0, 30, 50 and 70% of the binder mass.
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11.3.2.2 Self-packing concrete. LF slag was used as filler in a laboratory study with steel fibers as reinforcement to make self-compacting concrete mixtures. Different contents of …
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Steel furnace slag, a by-product of steel making, is produced during the separation of molten steel from impurities in steel-making process in the basic oxygen furnace (BOF). The slag occurs as a molten liquid, which is a complex solution of silicates and oxides that solidifies upon cooling [8]. Steel furnace slag is dark grey in colour and ...
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content in the leachate to the total calcium content in BOF slag as the following equation R Ca2+ =C Ca2+ ×V/(W slag ×CaO%×40/56) (3) Where C Ca2+ is the concentration of …
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Slag, as shown in Fig. 1, is the 16th ingredient of high-performance concrete production [22], called supplementary cementitious materials (SCM) [23], that can enhance the strength and durability of concrete [2].The highly fine slag powder, with a surface area of 400–600 m 2 /kg and a bulk density of 1200 kg/m 3, can be mixed with free lime to …
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How To Obtain Solution For Calcium In Furnace Slag · Calcium Extraction from Blast Furnace Slag NOTE: Due to the detrimental effect of acidity on leaching selectivity, the extraction of calcium takes place in two steps, using half the molarity of acetic acid (CH3COOH) that would be used in a single step ...
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The safe and efficient treatment of copper slag (CS) is an important aspect of the circular economy and green development. In order to reduce the negative environmental impact, CS is used as a precursor to substitute different contents of ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) in the manufacturing of alkali-activated materials (AAM)) in this …
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Aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3) content in steel slag exists in solid solution. In OPC clinker, Al 2 O 3 forms calcium aluminate and calcium aluminoferrite. (iii) The total amount of iron oxide in steel slag exists in the form of FeO and Fe 2 O 3, but mainly in the form of bivalent FeO. Normally, FeO accounts for about 70% of total iron content.
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When cooled slowly in air, the molten slag crystallizes to form inert calcium magnesium silicates, such as melilite, merwinite, and monticellite, smaller amounts of …
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Electric arc furnace steel slags (EAF-slags) and basic oxygen furnace steel slags (BOF-slags) were used to remove phosphate from synthetic solutions and real wastewater.
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