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Today, the mining industry remains one of the biggest contributors to the country's economy with an estimated worth of R20.3 trillion (US$2.5 trillion). It is the world's fifth largest mining sector in terms of gross domestic …
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Since then, the mining industry has become hugely important to the country, contributing roughly 202 billion South African Rand (roughly 10.9 billion U.S. dollars) in 2023 to South Africa's ...
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In a South African context, the word "hostel" refers to a housing compound that was developed and designed for black migrant workers in the early days of South Africa's history. Mines needed labour to dig the diamonds and gold which fueled the early country's economy - around these mines the cities of Kimberley and Johannesburg developed.
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World Development, Vol. 19, No. 4, pp. 301-316, 1991 0305-750X/91 $3.00 + 0.00 Printed in Great Britain Pergamon Press plc Depopulating the Compounds: Migrant Labor and Mine Housing in South Africa J O N A T H A N CRUSH Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario and WILMOT JAMES* University of Cape Town Summary.
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Compound (migrant labour) - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Compounds at Kimberley. An earlier form of compound developed in South Africa in response to copper mining in Namaqualand in the 1850s.
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and mining towns throughout southern Africa.5 Johannesburg was one of these towns to follow the Kimberley model. Johannesburg's mining compounds did not follow the exact model of the Kimberley 'closed' compound. Before the South African War Johannesburg's compounds developed along rudimentary lines, but in the
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Focus: Changing balance of power in South Africa brought about by gold mining, and the foundations of racial segregation. Content and topics: "¢ Britain, …
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The compound system that was to become a striking feature of most mining enterprises in Southern and Central Africa was first introduced in the diamond mines at Kimberley. In the period of open mining (1871–1884), Africans lived in open compounds, which gave them the freedom to spend their leisure time where they pleased. In the period of underground …
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Mining compounds would not have been possible without rural homesteads and villages as counterpoints, as well as the local urban and peri‐urban geography of colonial and apartheid South Africa. But, as we know, it is not only state institutions and major corporations that shape landscapes of control.
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Abstract. In this paper the discursive construction of South Africa's quintessential institution of labour coercion and control—the mine compound—is explored. Popular and academic narratives of the origins, spread, and role of the compound are traced, with particular attention to the scripts of marxists, social historians, and ...
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Abstract. Mining has had much to do with the pattern of housing in South Africa today. Under apartheid, the mines housed black mineworkers, classed as migrants, in high-density compounds, while ...
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Historically, many mining companies in South Africa housed their white workforce in towns established and managed by the company and their black workforce in single- hostels or compounds.
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of Labour Migrancy in Lesotho and South Africa, c. 1890-1940. Codesria, Dakar 2004. 259 pp. Maps. £14.95; $20.95; DOI: 10.1017/ ... death, sickness, destitution, and grief in the mine compounds within the context of their culture. Not only did they form mutual-aid associations, but they also created their own
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The mineral wealth of South Africa has been exploited by Homo sapiens for at least 40,000 years and has provided many and varied commodities including gold, platinum and …
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In 1899 the second South African War began, ushering in a time of marked privation in this country. Tactics like the scorched-earth policy meant that the war caused extensive environmental and social devastation. This brought about some change in the mining sector. Though skilled and managerial positions remained exclusively for whites, …
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Production and profit in the South African gold mining industry have long been based upon the employment of cheap black migrant labor. The central institution in the migratory labor system is the compound or hostel. Over 97% of the mine workforce of 500,000 currently live in these single-, regimented barracks.
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Mining towns are a common phenomenon in South Africa. Historically, housing in these towns consisted of privately owned houses (exclusively for white miners, until the mid-1980s), company owned houses and, predominantly until the early 2000s, high density compounds for black miners. Today the mining towns are of various kinds.
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Basotho and the Expérience of Death, Dying, and Mourning in the South African Mine Compounds, 1890-1940 Cahiers d'Etudes Africaines - France doi 10.3406/cea.1998.1975. Full Text Open PDF Abstract. Available in ... South Africa: Death and Dying in the Eastern Cape - An Investigation Into the Collapse of a Health System …
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Cape in South Africa, through to Lesotho, Mozambique, Malawi and Tanzania—regimes of control varied and were shaped by local and national politics (see eg Beinart 1979; Wilson 1972:4). The second node was the institution of the mining compound at the mines themselves. Control in the compounds linked back to various rural villages with
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In 2018 the mining sector contributed R351 billion to the South African gross domestic product (GDP) A total of 456,438 people were employed in the mining sector in 2018. Each person employed in the mining sector has up to nine indirect dependants. The mining sector has, for many years, attracted valuable foreign direct investment to South Africa.
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The compound system that was to become a striking feature of most mining enterprises in Southern and Central Africa was first introduced in the diamond …
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In effect, closed compounds sealed a rigid division of labour between unskilled African workers and non-African operatives, artisans, miners and supervisors, a racial division of labour which was supported, in 1885,. by the introduction of South Africa's first legal indus- ; trial colour bar. 11 This essay will deal with three themes in ...
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THE HISTORY OF MINING IN SOUTH AFRICA Commercial mining of minerals in South Africa started with colonialism; the first mining operations took place in Namaqualand in 1852, and were ... (Ndebele 2013; Sorensen 2012). For example, in Rustenburg, mine-workers live in compounds and informal settlements around the town while new housing …
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The mining value chain stretches from the production of inputs—in South Africa, principally capital goods and construction services—to mining itself, to the metals and …
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The issue of providing separate bunks in mine compounds to reduce the risk of infection continued to be fought out in committees well into the 1930s. 49 The sticking point, ... He is the author of a history of asbestos mining in South Africa Asbestos Blues (2002), a study of occupational disease South Africa's Gold Mines and the Politics of ...
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The workforce of the South African mining industry (SAMI) was traditionally housed in single- mining compounds or hostels from the late 1800s (Marais & Venter, 2006; Republic of South Africa ...
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T. DUNBAR MOODIE. Most accounts of the African miners' strike on the Witwatersrand in 1946 rely. heavily on Dan O'Meara's pioneering article. 1 O'Meara argued that the 1946 strike. reflected a trend toward the proletarianisation of black workers in South Africa. (including miners) as they became increasingly separated from possession of the.
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The study population comprised all workers employed at eight mines in South Africa; the study mines were identified by commodity, and included those in the …
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Most of the mine closures in South Africa over the past two to three decades have been in the gold mining industry. Employment in the industry dropped from 550 000 in 1985 to 110 000 in 2018 ( Sesele, 2020 ). Mine closure has had severe implications for gold mining towns like Merafong City, our case study city.
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The South African prison system developed alongside and in parallel with the mine compound. De Beers operated both mining compounds and the earliest private prisons in South Africa. ... K.C. Goyer notes that "convict labor was integral to the growing South African mining industry until as recently as 1952" and was only abolished in 1959.
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van Onselen C, 1976 Chibaro: African Mine Labour in Southern Rhodesia, 1900-1933 London: Pluto Press. Welsh, D. 1971. The Roots of Segregation: Native Policy in Colonial Natal 1845-1910. OUP. Worger W, 1987 South Africa's City of Diamonds: Mine Workers and Monopoly Capitalism in Kimberley, 1867-1895. New Haven, CT: Yale …
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Background and Focus of Grade 8- Term 2: The Mineral Revolution in South Africa. The Mineral Revolution in South Africa started with the discovery of diamonds in Kimberley in 1867, and intensified with the discovery of deep-level gold on the Witwatersrand in 1886. By the time that gold was discovered, African kingdoms had lost …
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in the South African Mine Compounds, 1 89 0-1 94O* The discovery of diamonds (in Kimberely) and, later, gold (on the Wit-watersrand or the Rand) in South Africa in the latter half of the 19th century, was a significant turning point in the social and economic history of the southern African region. This development resulted, among others,
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The development of the Gold mining industry was also one of Milner's plans to further development in South Africa in the post Anglo-Boer War years. ... sanitation and the quality of food in the mining compounds. Nonetheless, the labour shortage persisted so that by 1903 there was a shortage of 129,364 unskilled labourers at the mines. ...
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While apartheid in South Africa was formalized in law in the late 1940s, the seeds for its creation were established years beforehand. The mining industry, especially, spurred the creation of laws and practices in South Africa which progressively disenfranchised the country's indigenous black peoples. At the behest of the mining industry ...
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migrant labou r hostel. During the late colo nial and apar theid periods, the mining. compounds an d the migrant labour ho stels, which formed a key ele ment of this. system, were designed (an d ...
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